2012/03/15
Är du sjuk eller bara en glad samlare?
I en nyligen publicerad artikel (”Hoarding versus collecting: Where does pathology diverge from play?”) av Ashley E. Nordsletten och David Mataix-Cols i Clinical Psychology Review har man tittat på skillnaden mellan normala och sjukliga samlare. De sammanfattar skillnaderna i tabellen nedan.
| Feature | Collecting (Friskt) | Hoarding (Patologiskt) |
|---|---|---|
| Onset and course | Childhood onset; Intermittent course; decreases with each decade of life |
Childhood onset; Chronic course; increases with each decade of life |
| Prevalence | ~ 70% of children; ~ 30% of adults; ~ 15% of older adults | 2–5% of adults |
| Meaning of objects | Symbolic and sentimental; Instrumental value of secondary concern |
Utilitarian and sentimental; Instrumental value of primary concern |
| Source of value | Individual and interrelated; Objects individually valued, however object’s value also influenced by its relationship with other collected items. |
Individual; Each object is valued independently from other hoarded items. |
| Object content | Very focused; Objects bound by a cohesive theme; few different categories of objects |
Less focused; Objects lack a cohesive theme; large number of different categories of objects |
| Use of objects | Common; 30% of collectors actively use their collected items. Likely that the majority of collectors regularly use their non-collected items |
Rare; Objects are often acquired with the intention of use, however, studies show hoarders rarely use their items |
| Acquisition process | Multiple stages, including planning, hunting and organized display of objects post-acquisition | Planning and organized display not present |
| Excessive acquisition | Objects actively acquired in a purposeful and goal-driven manner; excessive acquisition possible | Objects actively and passively acquired; excessive acquisition present in the majority (~ 75%) |
| Reason for accumulation | Hobby/leisure, set completion Public identity |
Control, safety, Personal Identity |
| Level of organization | High; Rooms functional and collected items confined to restricted area |
Low; The functionality of rooms is compromised by disorganized clutter |
| Distress | Not present in majority; Typically not the product of clutter |
Present in the majority; Clutter is a key factor |
| Social impairment | Minimal; Collectors show marriage rates in line with national norms and frequently integrate their collecting behavior and social lives |
Severe; Hoarding is associated with reduced rates of marriage, increased rates of relationship conflict and, in some cases, social withdrawal |
